热度 1 |
一般说来,在满足四种情况的限制下,行政分支有自由裁量权:1. 在该部门的专业范围内。【如果移民局去解释贩毒问题很明显不符合专业两字】2. 不能因为有执行上的解释权而相当于颁布新的法案。 【严守是执法而非实质立法】3. 不能有违现有法案。4. 在Chaney案后,中级法院和初审法院都表示过,如果赦免类的决定是个案处理(case-by-case basis)的话,那么司法部门是无法审查的(judicially unreviewable)。
(1) ... a person may not drive any motor vehicle upon a highway in this state unless such person has a valid driver license issued under this chapter.
从今日起,本着我佛州悲天悯人的一贯精神和宗旨和本州财政困难的现实,年收入低于$20,000的没有驾驶执照的人驾车上路,你们警察可以酌情不予处罚或起诉。同时州务卿(Secretary of State)可以酌情给这些没有驾驶执照的司机们发暂时性的驾驶执照。
... The governor shall expedite all such measures as may be resolved upon by the legislature, and shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed. ... (关于忠诚地执法各州差不多)摘自纽约州宪法ARTICLE IV EXECUTIVE §3a) ..The governor shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, commission all officers of the state and counties, and transact all necessary business with the officers of government...摘自佛州宪法ARTICLE IV EXECUTIVE §1
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