美国47名共和党参议员，由参议员Tom Cotton发起，向伊朗领导人致公开信事件的影响持续发酵，在美国将近30万美国民众参与请愿，希望司法部指控这47名参议员的行为犯下叛国罪。 公开信原文 http://www.cotton.senate.gov/sites/default/files/150309%20Cotton%20Open%20Letter%20to%20Iranian%20Leaders.pdf 请愿 https://petitions.whitehouse.gov/petition/file-charges-against-47-us-senators-violation-logan-act-attempting-undermine-nuclear-agreement/ 据这个请愿说，此封信有违反Logan Act（18 USC §953） §953. Private correspondence with foreign governments Any citizen of the United States, wherever he may be, who, without authority of the United States, directly or indirectly commences or carries on any correspondence or intercourse with any foreign government or any officer or agent thereof, with intent to influence the measures or conduct of any foreign government or of any officer or agent thereof, in relation to any disputes or controversies with the United States, or to defeat the measures of the United States, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. This section shall not abridge the right of a citizen to apply, himself or his agent, to any foreign government or the agents thereof for redress of any injury which he may have sustained from such government or any of its agents or subjects. 但是，参议员这封信是公开信，见截图。开门见山地指出： An Open Letter to the Leaders of the Islamic Republic of Iran 既然是公开信，自然不能符合§953的" Private correspondence "。也自然无法违反§953。 Logan Act的解释门槛不能扩大到荒谬的地步，否则，任何人在Foxnews上发表对美国政府的批评政策，因为可以被外国政府看到，甚至外国政府也可以在Foxnews公开回应该批评，都可以被视为发起者“任何人”违反了Logan法案。 比如LAO律师发表的 中国政府拒绝参与国际海洋仲裁后果分析 虽然可能被视为有 intent to influence...any foreign government... ，但此贴作为公开贴完全属于宪法第一修正案保护的言论自由的范畴，和参议员的公开信一样，同样不违反Logan法案。 不仅没有犯下叛国罪，我要说，这47位参议员的公开信还是普法的。其中（见上面截图）的第一观点给大家讲解了一下执法分支（总统）和立法分支（国会）在国际条约签署中的不同角色。 见宪法 Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 http://www.heritage.org/constitution/#!/articles/2/essays/90/treaty-clause 【注：这个网站对于宪法的学习非常好。推荐 http://www.heritage.org/constitution/#!/ 】 The President... shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur ;
标签: 参议员
